Version of: 14 October 2001
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1 Refereed journal articles and book chapters
2 Conference proceedings & other published scientific articles
3 Posters and abstracts of conference presentations
4 LUBILOSA Socio-economics working paper series
Taxonomic note:
The genus Metarhizium has been revised by Driver and Milner (1999); the LUBILOSA isolate, IMI 330189 has been moved from M. flavoviride to a new variety, M. anisopliae var acridum.
Alves, R.T., Bateman, R.P., Prior, C and Leather, S.R. (1998) Effects of simulated solar radiation on conidial germination of Metarhizium anisopliae in different formulations. Crop Protection 17, 675-679.
Arthurs, S. & Thomas, M.B. (2000). Effects of a mycoinsecticide on feeding and fecundity of the brown locust, Locustana pardalina. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 10, 321-329
Arthurs, S. P. & Thomas M. B. (in press). Effects of temperature and relative humidity on sporulation of Metarhizium anisopliae var acridum in mycosed cadavers of Schistocerca gregaria. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology.
Arthurs, S. P. & Thomas, M. B. (2001). Effect of dose, pre-mortem host incubation temperature and thermal behaviour on host mortality and mycosis and sporulation of Metarhizium anisopliae var acridum in Schistocerca gregaria. Biocontrol Science and Technology 11, 411-420.
Arthurs, S. P., Thomas M. B. & Lawton, J. L. (2001). Seasonal patterns of persistence and infectivity of Metarhizium anisopliae var acridum in grasshopper cadavers in the Sahel. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 100, 69-76.
Arthurs, S.P. & Thomas, M.B. (1999). Factors affecting horizontal transmission of entomopathogenic fungi in locusts and grasshoppers. Aspects of Applied Biology 53, Challenges in Applied Population Biology, 89-98.
Arthurs, S.P. & Thomas, M.B. (2001). Investigation into behavioural changes in Schistocerca gregaria following infection with a mycoinsecticide: implications for susceptibility to predation. Ecological Entomology 26, 227-234.
Ball, B.V., Pye, B.J., Carreck, N.L., Moore, D. and Bateman, R.P. (1994) Laboratory testing of a mycopesticide on non-target organisms: the effects of an oil formulation of Metarhizium flavoviride applied to Apis mellifera. Biocontrol Science and Technology 4, 289 - 296.
Barnes, S.E. and Moore, D. (1997) The effect of fatty, organic or phenolic acids on the germination of conidia of Metarhizium flavoviride. Mycological Research 6, 626-666.
Bateman, R & Chapple, A. (2001) The Spray Application of Mycopesticides. In: T. Butt, C. Jackson & N. Magan (eds.) Fungal Biocontrol Agents - Progress, Problems and Potential. Publ. CAB International, Wallingford, UK. Ch. 11, 289-309.
Bateman, R, Luke, B. and Alves R. (in press) Observations on the application of oil-based formulations of mycopesticides. In: A.Beattie & D. Watson (eds.) Spray Oils Beyond 2000.
Bateman, R.P. & Thomas, M.B. (1996). Pathogen application against locusts and grasshoppers: insecticide or biological control? Antenna 20(1), 10-15.
Bateman, R.P. (1993) Simple, standardised methods for recording droplet measurements and estimation of deposits from controlled droplet applications. Crop Protection 12, 201 - 206.
Bateman, R.P. (1997) Methods of application of microbial pesticide formulations for the control of locusts and grasshoppers. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 171, 69-81.
Bateman, R.P. (1998) Delivery systems and Protocols for Biopesticides. In Biopesticides: Use and Delivery: Ed. F.R. Hall and J. Menn, Publ. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, USA,Ch. 27 pp. 509-528.
Bateman, R.P. Matthews G.A. and Hall, F.R.(2000) Ground-based application equipment. In: L. Lacey & H. Kaya (eds.) Field Manual of Techniques in Invertebrate Pathology. Kluwer, NL; Ch. III-1, 77-112
Bateman, R.P., Alves, R.T. (2000) Delivery systems for mycoinsecticides using oil-based formulations. Aspects of Applied Biology 57, 163-170.
Bateman, R.P., Carey, M., Batt, D., Prior, C., Abraham, Y., Moore, D., Jenkins, N. and Fenlon, J. (1996) Screening for virulent isolates of entomopathogenic fungi against the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål). Biocontrol Science and Technology 6, 549 - 560.
Bateman, R.P., Carey, M., Moore, D. and Prior, C. (1993) The enhanced infectivity of Metarhizium flavoviride in oil formulations to desert locusts at low humidities. Annals of Applied Biology 122, 145 - 152.
Bateman, R.P., Douro-Kpindu, O.K., Kooyman, C., Lomer, C. and Oambama, Z. (1998) Some observations on the dose transfer of mycoinsecticide sprays to desert locusts. Crop Protection, 17 (2), 151-158.
Bidochka, J.M., McDonald, M.A., Leger St., R.J. and Roberts, D.W. (1994) Differentiation of species and strains of entomopathogenic fungi by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Current Genetics 25, 107 - 113.
Blanford, S. & Thomas, M.B. (1999). Host thermal biology: the key to understanding insect-pathogen interactions and microbial pest control? Agricultural and Forest Entomology 1, 195-202.
Blanford, S. & Thomas, M.B. (1999). Role of thermal biology in disease dynamics. Aspects of Applied Biology 53, Challenges in Applied Population Biology, 73-82.
Blanford, S. & Thomas, M.B. (2000). Thermoregulation by two acridid species: effects of habitat and season on thermal behaviour and the potential impact on biocontrol with pathogens. Environmental Entomology. (in press)
Blanford, S. & Thomas, M.B. (2001). Schistocerca gregaria infected with Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum : Adult survival, maturation and reproduction. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 78, 1-8.
Blanford, S. & Thomas, M.B. (2001). Thermoregulation by two acridid
species: effects of habitat and season on thermal behaviour and the
potential impact on biocontrol with pathogens. Environmental Entomology
29, 1060-1069.
Blanford, S. & Thomas, M.B. (in press). Behavioural fever in grasshoppers and locusts following infection with entomopathogenic fungi. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology.
Blanford, S., Thomas, M.B. & Langewald, J. (2000). Thermal ecology of Zonocerus variegatus and its effect on biocontrol using pathogens. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 2, 3-10.
Blanford, S., Thomas, M.B. and Langewald, J. (1998) Behavioural fever in a population of the Senegalese grasshopper, Oedaleus senegalensis, and its implications for biological control using pathogens. Ecological Entomology 23, 9-14.
Bridge, P.D., Prior, C., Sagbohan, J., Lomer, C.J., Carey, M. and Buddie, A. (1997) Molecular characterisation of isolates of Metarhizium from locusts and grasshoppers. Biodiversity and Conservation 6, 177 - 189.
Bridge, P.D., Williams, M.A.J., Prior, C. and Paterson, R.R.M. (1993) Morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of Metarhizium anisopliae and M. flavoviride. Journal of General Microbiology 139, 1163 - 1169.
Cherry, A., Jenkins, N., Heviefo, G., Bateman, R.P. and Lomer, C. (1999) A West African pilot scale production plant for aerial conidia of Metarhizium sp for use as a mycoinsecticide against locusts and grasshoppers. Biocontrol Science and Technology 9, 35 - 51.
Douro Kpindou, O.K Lomer C. J., Langewald, T., Togo and D. Sagara. (2001) Effet de l'application d'un mélange lambda-cyhalothrin (pesticide chimique) et de spores de Metarhizium anisopliae (flavoviride) var. acridum Driver & Milner (biopesticide) appliqué sur les larves de sauteriaux au Mali. Journal of Applied Entomology, 125, 1-5
Douro-Kpindou, O.-K., Godonou, I., Houssou, A., Lomer, C.J. and Shah, P.A. (1995) Control of Zonocerus variegatus with ULV formulation of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia. Biocontrol Science and Technology 5, 131 - 139.
Douro-Kpindou, O.K., Lomer C. J., Langewald, J. and Bocco, Y. (2000) Cycle biologique et durée des stades larvaires de Zonocerus variegatus (L.) au sud du Bénin. Insect Science and its Application, 20, 109-116
Douro-Kpindou, O.K., Shah, P.A., Langewald, J., Lomer, C.J., van der Pau, H., Sidibé, A. and Daffé C.O. (1997) Essais sur l'utilisation d'un biopesticide (Metarhizium flavoviride) pour le contrôle des sauteriaux au Mali de 1992 à 1994. Journal of Applied Entomology 121, 285 - 291.
Driver, F., Milner, R. J. and Trueman, J.H.W. (2000) A taxonomic revision of Metarhizium based on a phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal DNA sequence data. Mycological Research, 104,135-151
Fargues, J., Goettel, M.S., Smits, N., Ouedraogo, A., Vidal, C., Lacey, L.A., Lomer, C.J. and Rougier, M. (1996) Variability in susceptibility to simulated sunlight of conidia among isolates of entomopathogenic hyphomycetes. Mycopathologia 135, 171 - 181
Fargues, J., Ouedraogo, A., Goettel, M.S., and Lomer, C.J. (1997) Effect of temperature, humidity and inoculation method on susceptibility of Schistocerca gregaria to Metarhizium flavoviride. Biocontrol Science and Technology 7 (3) 345 - 356.
Gelernter, W.D. and Lomer, C.J. (2000) Success in Biological Control of Above-ground Insects by Pathogens. In: Gurr, G. and Wratten, S. (eds) Measures of Success in Biological Control. Kluwer, pp. 297-322
Gillespie, J.P., Bateman, R, and Charnley, A.K. (1998) Role of cuticle-degrading proteases in the virulence of Metarhizium spp. for the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 71, 128-137.
Griffiths, J. and Bateman, R. (1997) Evaluation of the Francome MkII exhaust nozzle sprayer to apply oil-based formulations of Metarhizium flavoviride for locust control. Pesticide Science 51, 176-184.
Hedgecock, S., Moore, D., Higgins, P.M. and Prior, C. (1995) Influence of moisture content on temperature tolerance and storage of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia in oil formulation. Biocontrol Science and Technology 5, 371 - 377.
Hong, T.D., Ellis, R.H. and Moore, D. (1997) Development of a model to predict the effect of temperature and moisture on fungal spore longevity. Annals of Botany 79, 121-128.
Hong, T.D., Gunn, J., Ellis, R.H., Jenkins, N.E. and Moore, D. (2001) The effect of environment on the longevity of conidia of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo Vuillemin). Mycological Research 597-602.
Hong, T.D., Jenkins, N.E. and Ellis, R.H. (2000) Effect of duration of development and drying regime on the longevity of conidia of Metarhizium flaviviride. Mycological Research 662-665.
Hong, T.D., Jenkins, N.E., Ellis, R.H. and Moore, D. (1998) Limits to the negative logarithmic relationship between moisture content and longevity in conidia of Metarhizium flavoviride. Annals of Botany 81, 625 – 630.
Hong,T.D.; Jenkins,N.E.; Ellis,R.H. (1999) Fluctuating temperature and the longevity of conidia of Metarhizium flavoviride in storage. Biocontrol Science & Technology 9, 165-176
Hunt, T., Moore, D., Higgins, P.M. and Prior, C. (1994) Effect of sunscreen, irradiance and resting periods on the germination of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia. Entomophaga 39, 313 - 322.
Jenkins, N. and Goettel, M.S. (1997) Methods for mass production of microbial control agents of grasshoppers and locusts. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 171, 37-48.
Jenkins, N.E. and Grzywacz, D. (2000) Quality Control of Fungal and Viral Microbial control agents – assurance of product performance. Biocontrol Science and Technology 10, 753-777.
Jenkins, N.E. and Prior, C. (1993) Growth and formation of true conidia by Metarhizium flavoviride in a simple liquid medium. Mycological Research 97, 1489 - 1494.
Jenkins, N.E. and Thomas, M.B. (1996) Effects of formulation and application method on the efficacy of aerial and submerged conidia of Metarhizium flavoviride for locust and grasshopper control. Pesticide Science 46, 299 - 306.
Kooyman, C. (2000) Prospects for the biological control of the Red Locust, Nomadacris septemfasciata Audinet-Serville (Orthoptera, Acrididae), in its outbreak areas. Insect Science and its Application 19, 313-323.
Kooyman, C. and Abdalla, O. M. (1998) Application of Metarhizium flavoviride (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) spores against the Tree Locust, Anacridium melanorhodon (Orthoptera: Acrididae), in Sudan. Biocontrol Science and Technology 8, 215 – 219.
Kooyman, C. and Godonou, I. (1997) Infection of Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) hoppers by Metarhizium flavoviride (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) conidia in an oil formulation applied under desert conditions. Bulletin of Entomological Research 87, 105 - 107.
Kooyman, C., Bateman, R.P., Langewald, J., Lomer, C.J., Ouambama, Z. and Thomas, M.B. (1997) Operational-scale application of entomopathogenic fungi for control of sahelian grasshoppers. Proc. Royal Society. B 264, 541 - 546.
Langewald, J. and Cherry, A. (2000) Prospects for microbial control in West Africa. Biocontrol News and Information. 21, 51N-56N
Langewald, J., Kooyman, C., Douro-Kpindou, O.-K., Lomer, C., Dahmoud, A.O. and Mohamed H.O. (1997) Field treatment of Desert Locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål) hoppers in the field in Mauritania with an oil formulation of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium flavoviride. Biocontrol Science and Technology 7, 603-611.
Langewald, J., Ouambama, Z., Mamadou, A., Peveling, R., Stolz, I., Bateman, R., Attignon, S. Blanford, S., Arthurs, S., and Lomer, C. (1999) Comparison of an organophosphate insecticide with a mycoinsecticide for the control of Oedaleus senegalensis Krauss (Orthoptera: Acrididae) and other Sahelian grasshoppers in the field at operational scale. Biocontrol Science and Technology 9, 199 – 214
Langewald, J., Thomas, M.B., Douro-Kpindou, O-K. and Lomer, C.J. (1997) Use of Metarhizium flavoviride for control of Zonocerus variegatus: A model, linking dispersal and secondary infection from the spray residue with mortality in caged field samples. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 82, 1 - 8.
Lomer, C.J. (1999) Factors in the Success and Failure of Microbial Agents for Control of Migratory Pests. Integrated Pest Management Reviews 4(4), 307 - 312.
Lomer, C.J., Bateman, R.P., D. Dent, DeGroote, H., Dent, D., Kooyman, C., Langewald, J., Johnson, D., Peveling, R and Thomas, M.B. (1999) Development of strategies for the incorporation of microbial pesticides into the integrated management of migratory pests. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 1, 71-88.
Lomer, C.J., Bateman, R.P., Godonou, I, Kpindou, D., Shah, P.A., Paraiso, A. and Prior, C. (1993) Field infection of Zonocerus variegatus following application of an oil based formulation of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia. Biocontrol Science and Technology 3, 337 - 346.
Lomer, C.J., Bateman, R.P., Johnson, D.L., Langewald, J. and Thomas, M.B. (2001) Biological control of locusts and grasshoppers. Annual Review of Entomology, 46, 667-702.
Lomer, C.J., Prior, C. and Kooyman, C. (1997) Development of Metarhizium spp. for the control of locusts and grasshoppers. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 171, 265-286.
Lomer, C.J., Thomas, M.B., Godonou, I., Shah, P.A., Douro-Kpindou, O.-K. and Langewald, J. (1997) Control of grasshoppers, particularly Hieroglyphus daganensis, in northern Benin using Metarhizium flavoviride. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 171, 301-311.
Maiga, I.H., Douro-Kpindou, O.K., Lomer, C.J. and Langewald, J. (1999) Utilisation de Metarhizium flavoviride Gams & Rozsypal contre les sauteriaux dans des essais participatifs en milieu paysan au Niger. Insect Science and its application 18, 279-284.
Maiga, I.H., Douro-Kpindou, O.K., Lomer, C.J. and Langewald, J. (2000) Pratiques paysannes et utilisation potentielle de Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal en lutte antiacridienne au Niger. Insect Science and its application 19, 163-171..
McClatchie, G.V., Moore, D., Bateman, R.P. and Prior, C. (1994) Effects of temperature on the viability of the conidia of Metarhizium flavoviride in oil formulations. Mycological Research 98, 749 - 756.
McClatchie,G.V.; Moore,D.; Bateman,R.P.; Prior,C. (1994) Effects of temperature on the viability of the condia of Meterhizum flavoviride in oil formulations. Mycol. Res. 98(7), 749-756.
Milner, R.J. and Prior, C. (1994) Susceptibility of Australian plague locust, Chortoicetes terminifera, and the wingless grasshopper, Phaulacridium vittatum, to the fungi, Metarhizium spp. Biological Control 4, 132 - 137.
Milner, R.J., Hartley, T.R., Lutton, G.G. and Prior C. (1994) Control of Phaulacridium vittatum (Sjöstedt) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), in field cages using an oil-based spray of Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal (Deuteromycetina: Hyphomycetes). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 33, 165 - 167.
Modder, W.W.D. (1994) Control of the variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus) on cassava. African Crop Science Journal 2, 391 - 406.
Moore, D. and Caudwell, R.W. (1997) Formulation of entomopathogens for the control of grasshoppers and locusts. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 171, 49-67.
Moore, D. and Higgins, P.M. (1997) Viability of stored conidia of Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal, produced under differing culture regimes and stored with clays. Biocontrol Science and Technology 7 (3) 335 - 344.
Moore, D., Bateman, R.P., Carey, M. and Prior, C. (1995) Long term storage of Metarhizium flavoviride in oil formulations for the control of locusts and grasshoppers. Biocontrol Science and Technology 5, 193 - 199.
Moore, D., Bridge, P.D., Higgins, P.M., Bateman, R.P. and Prior, C. (1993) Ultra-violet radiation damage to Metarhizium flavoviride conidia and the protection given by vegetable and mineral oils and chemical sunscreens. Annals of Applied Biology 122, 605 - 616.
Moore, D., Douro-Kpindou, O.K., Jenkins, N.E. and Lomer C.J. (1996) Effects of moisture content and temperature on storage of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia. Biocontrol Science and Technology 6, 51 - 61.
Moore, D., Higgins, P.M. and Lomer, C.J. (1996) Effects of simulated and natural sunlight on the germination of conidia of Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal and interactions with temperature. Biocontrol Science and Technology 6, 63 - 76.
Moore, D., Langewald, J. and Obognon, F. (1997). Effects of rehydration on the conidial viability of Metarhizium flavoviride mycopesticide formulations. Biocontrol Science and Technology 7, 87 - 94.
Moore, D., Reed, M., Le Patourel, G., Abraham, Y.J. and Prior, C. (1992) Reduction of feeding by the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, after infection with Metarhizium flavoviride. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 60, 304 - 307.
Morley-Davies, J., Moore, D. and Prior, C. (1995) Screening of Metarhizium and Beauveria spp. conidia with exposure to simulated sunlight and a range of temperatures. Mycological Research 100, 31 - 38.
Müller D., Gbongboui, C., De Groote, H., Langewald, J. and Badou, R. (2000) Farmer participatory development of a control strategy for the variegated grasshopper with a bio-pesticide in the northern Mono, Benin. In: Farmers and scientists in a changoing environment: Assessing research in West Africa (Renard, S., Krieg, S., Lawrence, P. and von Oppen, M. eds.). Margraf Verlag, Wikersheim, Germany.
Ouedraogo, A., Fargues, J., Goettel, M. and Lomer, C. (1997) Effects of temperature on vegetative growth among isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and M. flavoviride. Mycopathol. 137, 37-43.
Peveling, R. (1998) Frequenz statt Abundanz: eine einfache Methode zur Abschätzung von Insektizidwirkungen auf epigäische Arthropoden im Freiland. In: Ökosystemare Ansätze in der Ökotoxikologie (ed. by J. Oehlmann and B. Markert). German Language Branch of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Contamination (SETAC-Europe).
Peveling, R. And Demba, S.A. (1997) Virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal and toxicity of Diflubenzuron, Fenitrothion-Esfenvalerate and Profenofos-Cypermethrin to nontarget arthropods in Mauritania. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 32, 69 - 79.
Peveling, R., Attignon, S., Langewald, J. and Ouambama, Z. (1999) An assessment of the impact of biological and chemical grasshopper control agents on ground-dwelling arthropods in Niger, based on presence/absence sampling Crop Protection 18, 323-339.
Price, R.E., Bateman, R.P., Brown, H.D., Butler, E.T. and Müller E. J. (1997) Aerial spray trials against brown locust (Locustana pardalina, Walker) nymphs in South Africa using oil-based formulations of Metarhizium flavoviride. Crop Protection 16, 345-351.
Prior, C and Streett, D. (1997) Strategies for use of entomopathogenic agents in the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 171, 5 -25.
Prior, C. and Greathead, D.J. (1989) Biological control of locusts: the potential for the exploitation of pathogens. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin 37, 37 - 48.
Prior, C., Carey, M., Abraham, Y.J., Moore, D. and Bateman, R.P. (1995). Development of a bioassay method for the selection of entomopathogenic fungi virulent to the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål). Journal of Applied Entomology 119, 567-573.
Sanyang, S. and Van Emden, H.F. (1996) The combined effects of the fungus Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal and the insecticide cypermethrin on Locusta migratoria migratorioides (Reiche and Fairmaire) in the laboratory. International Journal of Pest Management 42, 183 - 187.
Seyoum, E., Moore, D. and Charnley, A.K. (1994) Reduction in flight activity and food consumption by the Desert Locust, Schistocerca gregaria, after infection with Metarhizium flavoviride. Journal of Applied Entomology 118, 310 - 315.
Shah, P.A, Gbongboui, C, Godonou, I, Houssou, A (2000). Survival and mortality of grasshopper egg pods from semi-arid cereal cropping areas of northern Benin. Bull ent Res. 81, 451-459.
Shah, P.A. (1993) Observations on a species of Sorosporella (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) infecting Kraussaria angulifera (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the Republic of Mali. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 62, 318.
Shah, P.A. and Evans. H. C. (1997) Sorosporella: A cryptic pathogen of grasshoppers and locusts in Africa. Mycologist 11, 106-110.
Shah, P.A., Gbongboui, C., Godonou, I., Houssou, A. and Lomer, C.J. (1998) Survival and mortality of grasshopper egg pods from semi-arid cereal cropping areas of northern Benin. Bull ent Res 88, 451 - 459.
Shah, P.A., Gbongboui, C., Godonou, I., Houssou, A. and Lomer, C.J. (1998) Natural incidence of Metarhizium flavoviride infections from two grasshopper communities in northern Benin. Biocontrol Science and Technology 8, 335 - 344.
Shah, P.A., Gbongboui, C., Godonou, I., Houssou, A. and Lomer, C.J. (2000) Enumerative sampling plans for grasshopper egg pods in northern Benin. J. Appl. Entomol. 124, 391-394.
Shah, P.A., Godonou, I., Gbongboui, C. and Lomer, C.J. (1994) Natural levels of fungal infections in grasshoppers in Northern Benin. Biocontrol Science and Technology 4, 331 - 342.
Shah, P.A., Kooyman, C. and Paraïso, A. (1997) Surveys for fungal pathogens of locusts and grasshoppers in Africa and the Near East. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 171, 27-35.
Shah, P.A., O.-K. Douro-Kpindou, A. Sidibe, C.O. Daffè, H. van der Pauuw and C.J. Lomer (1998) Effects of the sunscreen oxybenzone on field efficacy and persistence of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia against Kraussella amabile (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in Mali, West Africa. Biocontrol Sci. and Technol 8, 357 - 364.
Smits, J.E., Johnson, D.L. and Lomer, C. J. (1999) Avian pathological and physiological responses to dietary exposure to the fungus Metarhizium flavoviride, an agent for control of grasshoppers and locusts in Africa. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 35(2), 194-203.
Stathers, T.E., Moore, D. and Prior, C. (1993) The effect of different temperatures on the viability of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia stored in vegetable and mineral oils. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 62, 111 - 115.
Stonehouse, J.M., Gbongboui., C., de Groot, A., Lomer, C., Ly, S. Maiga, I. and Tijani (1997) Grasshopper control in the Sahel: farmer perceptions and participation. Crop Protection 16, 733 - 741.
Swanson D. (1997) Economic Feasibility of Two Technologies for Production of Mycopesticides in Madagascar. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 171, 101-113.
Thomas, M.B. (1999). Ecological approaches and the development of ‘truly integrated’ pest management. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 96, 5944-5951.
Thomas, M.B. (2000). Development of a mycoinsecticide for biological
control
of locusts in Southern Africa. In: R.A. Cheke, L.J. Rosenberg, Kieser,
M.E. (eds.) Research Priorities for Migrant Pests of Agriculture in
Southern Africa Proceedings of a DFID/NRI/ARC-PPRI workshop, Pretoria,
South Africa, 24-26 March 1999. Natural Resources Institute, Chatham, UK, pp.
173-182.
Thomas, M.B. and Jenkins, N.E. (1997) Effects of temperature on growth of Metarhizium flavoviride and virulence to the variegated grasshopper, Zonocerus variegatus. Mycological Research 101, 1469-1474.
Thomas, M.B. and Willis, A.J. (1998) Biocontrol – risky but necessary? TREE 13, 325 – 329.
Thomas, M.B., Blanford, S., and Lomer, C. J. (1997) Reduction of feeding by the variegated grasshopper, Zonocerus variegatus, following infection by the fungal pathogen, Metarhizium flavoviride. Biocontrol Science and Technology 7, 327 - 334.
Thomas, M.B., Blanford, S., Gbongboui, C. and Lomer, C.J. (1998) Experimental studies to evaluate spray applications of a mycoinsecticide against the rice grasshopper, Hieroglyphus daganensis, in northern Benin. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 87, 93 - 102.
Thomas, M.B., Gbongboui, C. and Lomer, C.J. (1996) Between-season survival of the grasshopper pathogen Metarhizium flavoviride in the Sahel. Biocontrol Science and Technology 6, 569 - 573.
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Joffe S. 1993. Socio-economic Aspects of the Biological Control of Locusts and Grasshoppers: Proposals for Research. Natural Resources Institute project No. C0304. LUBILOSA Socioeconomic Working Papers Series No. 93/1. Report of a Consultancy for LUBILOSA. Cotonou, IITA, 57 pp.
Lomer, C.J. and De Groote, H. 1999. The LUBILOSA project: Impact evaluation. LUBILOSA Socioeconomic working paper series no. 99/4, 2pp.
Müller D, C. Gbongboui, H. De Groote, J. Langewald, R. Badou, and Y. Bocco. 1999. Farmers participatory development of a control strategy of the Variegated grasshopper with a biopesticide in the northern Mono, Benin. LUBILOSA Socioeconomic Working Paper Series No. 99/2. Paper presented at the regional workshop "Farmers and scientists in a changing environment: Assessing research in West Africa", February 22-26, 1999, Cotonou.
Müller D., C. Gbonboui, H. De Groote et O.K. Douro-Kpindou. 1998. Diagnostique participative sur le criquet puant (Zonocerus variegatus) dans quelques villages du Département du Mono. LUBILOSA Socio-economic Working Paper Series No. 98/6.
Stonehouse J. 1995. Social and Economic aspects of mycoinseticide against Sahelian grasshoppers. LUBILOSA Socio-economic Working Papers Series No. 95/2. Report of a Consultancy Visit to Benin, Niger and Mali for LUBILOSA, July-October 1994. Cotonou, IITA. (see also Stonehouse, 1997).
Swanson D. 1995. LUBILOSA Socio-economic Working Papers Series No. 95/1. Economic Viability of Mycopesticides for Acridid Control in Africa. Final Report of a Consultancy for LUBILOSA. Cotonou, IITA (see also Swanson, 1997).
Adu-Mensah, J. (1994) Zonocerus variegatus PhD Thesis, University of Cardiff.
Ayitchehou, V. S., (1996) Effets du champignon entomopathogène, Metarhizium flavoviride sur les ennemis naturels: Cas de Cotesia sp. Diplôme d'Ingenieur des Travaux, Université Nationale du Bénin.
Blanford, S. (1999). The role of environmental factors and behavioural changes observed in grasshoppers and locusts after infection with the entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum. PhD Thesis, Imperial College, University of London.
Bourtchiakbé, Z. (1997) Réalisation d'un milieu sélectif pour le champignon Metarhizium flavoviride sur la base de différents fongicides. Diplôme d'Ingenieur des Travaux. IITA/UNB.
Dado Doko, I. (1996) Dispersion, préférence variétale du criquet puant, Zonocerus variegatus (L.) dans les agroécosystèmes du Sud-Bénin, et mise en évidence des pheromones sexuelles. Diplôme d'Ingenieur Agronome, Université Nationale du Bénin.
Danfa, A. and Hien Sie, M, (1991) Test d'efficacité de Metarhizium flavoviride sur OSE, SGR, LMI, E et AGL. DFPV, Niamey.
Elhadji Manzo, M., (1994) Possibilité de lutte microbiologique contre le criquet pélerin, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal, 1775). IPDR de Kollo.
Gérard, S. (1998) Analyse sur le genre: le foncier, le travail agricole et la lutte contre les ravageurs dans le Mono-Nord, Rublique du Bénin. Mémoire de stage pour le Diplôme d'Etudes Approfondies (DEA) en Environnement, Temps, Espaces, Societés (ETES), Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon.
Gillespie., J. (1995) Studies on the interaction between the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium spp. and the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria. Ph.D Thesis. University of Bath.
Idohou, O. E. I. (1997) Potentialités des graines de coton comme substrats solides dans la production en masse de Metarhizium flavoviride (W. Gams et J. Rozsypal) dans le cadre de la lutte biologique contre les locustes et sauteriaux. Diplôme d'Ingenieur des Travaux. IITA/Université National du Bénin.
James, P. (1995) Studies on the pathogenicity of the entomopthogenic fungus Metarhizium spp. for the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Bath.
Jenkins, N. (1995) Studies on the mass production and field efficacy of Metarhizium flavoviride for the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers. Ph.D. thesis, Cranfield University.
Joshi, L. (1993) Studies on the pathogenicity of Metarhizium spp. for the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Förskal). Ph.D. thesis, University of Bath.
Maïga, I. H., (1995) Utilisation d'un mycopesticide à base de Metarhizium flvavoviride Gams and Rozsypal contre les acridiens. Acceptabilité auprès des Agriculteurs Sahélians et possibilités de production commerciale. Diplôme d'Ingenieur des Techniques Agricoles des Régions Chaudes, CNEARC, France.
Oke, M. M. (1997) Effets des entomopathogènes, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) et Metarhizium flavoviride (Gams and Rozsypal) sur quelques espèces de termites. Diplôme d'Ingenieur des Travaux. IITA/ Université National du Bénin.
Olichon, S. (1998) Etude de l'application au champ de mycopesticides contre Zonocerus variegatus au Bénin: dans le province du Mono. Mémoire de stage pour le Diplôme d'Etudes Supérieures Spécialisées (DESS), Université Paris XII.
Ouédraogo, A., (1996) Conditions d'infection des acridiens par l'hyphomycete entomopathogène, Metarhizium flavoviride et variabilité de la tolérance aux contraintes climatiques des isolats fongiques candidats à la lutte antiacridienne. Mémoire de Docteur en Science, Université de Paris Sud, France.
Sagbohan, J., (1997) Caractérisation des souches de Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal et inter-specificité avec quelques acridiens tels que Zonocerus variegatus (L.), Schistocerca gragaria (Forskäl), Locusta migratoria (Reiche and Fairmaire) et Hieroglyphus daganensis (Krauss). Memoire du 3eme cycle, Université de Dschang, Caméroun.
Sanyang, S., (1997) Studies on the mixtures of Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal oil formulated conidia and lambda-cyhalothrin insecticide against locusts and grasshoppers. PhD Thesis University of Reading.
Seyoum, E. (1993) Studies on the pathogenicity of an oil-based formulation of Metarhizium flavoviride for the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål). PhD thesis University of Bath.
Shah, P.A. (1994) Field studies on the development of Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal as a microbial insecticide for locust and grasshopper control. PhD thesis, University of London.
Stolz, I. (1996) Die Wirkung des zur Heuschreckenbekämpfung eingesetzten Pilzes Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Roszypal (Deuteromycotina: Moniliales) auf den Parasitoiden Apoanagyrus (Epidinocarsis) lopezi De Santis (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). MSc thesis (Magister scientarium agrarium), Univerität Göttingen, Germany.
Stolz, I. (1996) The effect of Metarhizium flavoviride on the non-target species Epidinocarsis lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). English summary of the above cited thesis.
Stolz, I. (1999) The effect of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin (=flavoviride) Gams and Rozsypal var. acridum (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) on non-target Hymenoptera. PhD thesis University of Basel
Bateman, R.P. (1998) Green Muscle Handbook for Central and Southern Africa.
Bateman, R.P. Product label, OF; Product label, SU; Product label, TC
De Groote, H. (1999) LUBILOSA handout, 2pp, colour, English and French.
Dent, D. (1998a) Locust control with Metarhizium; transcript of a talk by D.R. Dent at the British Mycological Society's International Symposium on "The future of Fungi in the control of Pests, Weeds and Diseases", University of Southampton, UK, 5 - 9 Sept. 1998. Brochure, 8pp.
Dent, D. (1998b) Removing barriers to commercialisation of biopesticides. Brochure, 8pp.
Douthwaite, B., J. Langewald & Harris, J. (2001) Development and commercialisation of Green Muscle biopesticide. Impact, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
Greathead, D.J., Kooyman, C., Launois-Luong, M.H. & Popov, G.B. (1994) Les ennemis naturels des criquets du Sahel. Collection Acridologie Opérationnelle n° 8, CILSS-DFPV/CIRAD-PRIFAS, Niamey - Montpellier, 147 pp.
Harris, J. (Ed.) (1997) LUBILOSA abstracts presented at Society for Invertebrate Pathology, Banff, Canada.
Harris, J. (Ed.) Dossier of press articles relating to LUBILOSA.
Harris, J. (2000) Chemical Pesticide Markets, Health Risks and Residues, Biopesticide Series 1, Cromwell Press, Trowbridge, UK.
Harris, J. (2000) Priorities in biopesticide research and development in developing countries, Biopesticide Series 2, Cromwell Press, Trowbridge, UK.
IITA 1997 Annual report article.
Langewald, J. (2000) Press-release in collaboration with Future Harvest and World Bank at Centers Week in Washington.
Langewald, J. (2000) Livret du Brigadier Phytosanitaire.
Lomer, C.J., Langewald, J. et Affa, P. (1998) Green Muscle – Manuel d’utilisation.
Lomer, C.J. and Langewald, J. (1997) Green Muscle User’s Handbook.
LUBILOSA Gender policy statement (French and English)
LUBILOSA insect pathology manual, Ed. C.H. Lomer and C. J. Lomer, 244pp.
LUBILOSA Newsletters 1 to 6 Ed. J. Harris and D. Dent.
LUBILOSA pathogen model (hp.exe) By S. Wood and M. Thomas.
Modder, W.W.D. Characteristics, biology and management of the Variegated Grasshopper, pest of cassava. ESCaPP Monograph.
PRIFAS: Natural enemies of grasshoppers and locusts. Collection Acridologie Opérationnelle nº 8.
Prior, C. (1993) Les biopesticides contre les criquets. La Recherche, No. 251, 219-221.
Prior, C. (1993) Los bioplaguicidas contra las langostas. Mundo Cientifico, No. 134, 369 - 371.
Steele, W.M. (1994) Keeping ahead of the Hoppers. Project Feb. 1994, 14 - 16.
Thomas, M.B. (2001). Insect germ warfare. NERC News, Summer 2001, pp. 16-17.
Thomas, M.B., Klass, J. & Blanford, S. (2000). The year of the locust. Pesticide Outlook 11, 192-195.
Thomas, M.B. (2000). Locust control: Europe learns from Africa. Biocontrol News and Information 21, 29N.
Video (2000) C. Dent and J. Langewald.
Web site www.lubilosa.org Langewald, J. and Nansen, M. (Ed.)
Arthurs, S. (1997) Evaluating the impact of a mycoinsecticide for the control of African locusts and grasshoppers. First year report, 43pp.
Attignon, S.E. and Peveling, R. (1996) Effet de Metarhizium flavoviride (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) sur Neoseiulus idaeus Denmark and Muma (Acari: Phytoseiidae). LUBILOSA internal project report. 7 pp.
Attignon, S.E. (1997) Effet du champignon entomopathogène Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Roszypal sur les insectes non-cibles - cas de Epidinocarsis lopezi et Clavigralla tomentosicollis. LUBILOSA internal project report. 7 pp.
Jarrold, S. (1998) The role of lipids in the pathogenesis of the deuteromycete Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum for the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. 2nd year report, University of Bath.
Lomer, C. J. and De Groote, H. (1999) Solving the problems of biopesticide production in developing countries. IITA Technology Compendium series.
LUBILOSA (1997) Bamako partners meeting proceedings, April 1997, Hotel Mande, Bamako, Mali. Ed. C. Lomer.
LUBILOSA (1998) Green Muscle Symposium proceedings, 24th March 1998, Pinetown, South Africa, 69pp. Ed. J. Harris.
LUBILOSA (1998) Niamey partners meeting proceedings, 27 - 29 April 1998, DFPV, Niamey, Niger, 215pp. Ed. J. Langewald, Z. Ouambama, S. Attignon.
LUBILOSA (1999) Phase 3 final report, XX pp, Ed. C. Lomer
Peveling, R. and Attignon, S. (1997). Impact of fenitrothion and M. flavoviride on non-target and target arthropods. LUBILOSA field trials in Maine Soroa, Niger, August/September 1996 (1st draft). 51 pp.
Peveling, R. and Demba, S.A. (1997). Effect of Metarhizium flavoviride, chlorpyrifos and fipronil on Acanthodactylus dumerili (Milne Edwards, 1829) (Squamata: Lacertidae). LUBILOSA bioassays in Akjoujt, Mauritania, November 1996 to February 1997 (1st draft). 50 pp.
Peveling, R. and Demba, S.A. (1997) Effect of Metarhizium flavoviride (IMI 330 189) on Chilocorus bipustulatus L. var. iranensis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a Predator of Scale Insects in Mauritania LUBILOSA biotests in Akjoujt Mauritania January to March 1997, 8pp
Stolz, I. (1997) The effect of the fungus Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Roszypal (Deuteromycotina: Moniliales) on the non-target species Apoanagyrus (Epidinocarsis) lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). LUBILOSA internal project report. 7 pp
Bateman, R.P. (1997 and 1998) LUBILOSA submission to the FAO Pesticide Referee Panel.
Bateman, R.P. (1998) Green Muscle Ecotoxicology profile: Revision 1.4 (27.3.1998)
Bateman, R.P. (1998) Green Muscle TC Safety Data Sheet
Bateman, R.P. (1998) Green Muscle TC Toxicology profile: Revision 2.2 (6.2.1998)
Bateman, R.P. (1998) Green Muscle Technical specification
Dent, D. (1997) Implementation plan
Dent, D. and Bateman, R.P. Registering Metarhizium anisopliae in South Africa. Case study for presentation at EMPRES meeting, Cairo, April 1999.
Dent, D., Straus, E. and Lomer, C.J. (1999) Product development and commercialisation in development assistance projects; a case study, 25pp plus annexes.
Prior, C., Bateman, R.P. and Moore, D. (1995) Entomopathogenic sprays. UK Patent, GB2255018B, 36 pages.
Thomas, M.B. (1998) Safety statement on risk of epizootics of Metarhizium, 2pp.
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